Contents
What is OCD?
OCD is a mental health condition that involves experiencing repetitive, intrusive thoughts. You might also feel compelled to perform specific actions in an attempt to relieve the distress these thoughts can cause. These behaviours or rituals are often not logically connected to the thoughts they aim to reduce, but can feel impossible to ignore. For example, someone might feel the need to flick a light switch a certain number of times to prevent something bad from happening.
Everyone has intrusive thoughts now and again. But for people with OCD, these thoughts are frequent, distressing, and hard to manage. Compulsions may bring short-term relief, but the worry soon returns. This creates a distressing cycle that can be hard to break without professional support.
Signs and Symptoms of OCD
OCD symptoms can vary widely but typically fall into two categories:
- Obsessions: These are unwanted and distressing thoughts, images or urges that keep coming into your mind. For example, you might have a fear of germs or contamination, such as worrying that touching a doorknob could make you seriously ill. Obsessions also include fears of accidentally harming someone. Another example is constant doubts about whether you’ve locked the door or turned off the oven.
- Compulsions: These are repeated behaviours or mental rituals that a person feels they must do. For example, someone might clean the same surface many times. Or they may check that the door is locked over and over, or repeat certain words or numbers silently in their head. These actions are often done to try to feel safe or to stop something bad from happening.
People with OCD can recognise that their thoughts and behaviours are irrational but still feel powerless to stop them. Symptoms can take up hours each day and interfere with work, school, or relationships.
Types of OCD
While OCD may manifest differently for each person, it can generally be categorised into four major types:
- Checking OCD: Involves repeatedly checking things to prevent harm or avoid a feared consequence. This may include checking locks, appliances, or seeking constant reassurance.
- Contamination OCD: This type of OCD involves an intense fear of germs, illness, or dirt. It often leads to compulsive cleaning or avoiding things that feel 'contaminated,' like door handles or public spaces.
- Symmetry and Ordering OCD: This type of OCD includes a strong need for things to be in perfect order or lined up in a specific way. A person might also feel they must do certain actions symmetrically or until they feel 'just right.
- Ruminations and Intrusive Thoughts OCD: Often called Purely Obsessional OCD (Pure-O), this type involves upsetting and unwanted thoughts. These thoughts can be violent, sexual, or religious in nature. There may not be any visible compulsions, but mental rituals are still common. These can include overthinking, seeking reassurance, or trying to block or cancel out the thoughts. People do these things in an effort to feel less anxious
OCD and intrusive thoughts
If you're experiencing intrusive thoughts that are violent, sexual, or otherwise distressing, you're not alone. These thoughts can feel overwhelming and upsetting, but they are not a reflection of your character or intentions. Many people with OCD experience these types of thoughts. You might find yourself analysing the thoughts, seeking reassurance, or trying to mentally neutralise them. These are common coping responses, but they can keep the cycle going. It's important to know that effective support is available, and treatment can help you manage these thoughts and reduce their impact.
Perinatal OCD
Perinatal OCD can develop during pregnancy or after giving birth. If you're a new or expecting parent experiencing upsetting thoughts about your baby's safety, it's important to know that you're not a bad parent for experiencing these things. These thoughts are intrusive, involuntary, and often go against everything you value, which is what makes them so distressing. Many people feel ashamed or frightened by these thoughts, but they are a recognised symptom of OCD and do not reflect your true intentions. With the right treatment, symptoms can improve significantly. Learn more about perinatal mental health here.
OCD and anxiety
OCD is closely linked to anxiety. Obsessions create intense distress, and compulsions are performed to try to ease that anxiety. However, this relief is only short-lived. Over time, the compulsions can reinforce the obsessive thoughts, creating a cycle of increasing anxiety and compulsive behaviour. Effective treatment targets both the anxiety and the behaviours that maintain it.
OCD may also co-occur with other conditions, such as depression or eating disorders.
What causes OCD?
The causes of OCD are not fully understood. However, a combination of genetic, neurological, psychological and environmental factors is likely involved. OCD often runs in families, suggesting a genetic link. It is also associated with imbalances in brain chemistry, particularly involving serotonin.
Life events such as trauma, stress, or significant changes can trigger or worsen symptoms.
OCD diagnosis
Diagnosing OCD involves a detailed clinical assessment by a psychiatrist or psychologist. It is important to rule out other mental health conditions that may cause similar symptoms. A diagnosis is typically based on the presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both, and how much they interfere with daily functioning.
At London Psychiatry Clinic, we offer in-depth assessments tailored to each individual. This may include structured questionnaires and clinical interviews to fully understand the nature and severity of symptoms.
OCD treatment
OCD is treatable, and many people experience significant improvement with the right support. The most effective treatments include:
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): Specifically, a form called Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), where individuals gradually face their fears without performing compulsions.
- Medication for OCD: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are often prescribed to help reduce obsessive thoughts and anxiety.
- Combined approach: Many people benefit from a combination of therapy and medication.
Treatment is personalised, taking into account the type of OCD, severity of symptoms, and any co-existing conditions.
How we can help at the London Psychiatry Clinic
Our multidisciplinary team of psychiatrists and psychologists has extensive experience in treating OCD. We offer a compassionate, evidence-based approach tailored to your needs. Whether you're seeking an assessment, second opinion, or ongoing treatment, we’re here to support you.
We hold ourselves to high standards of care by following the NICE guidelines, which helps us ensure that all our interventions and treatment plans are backed by the latest research and best practices. We truly recognise that everyone’s experience with OCD is different, so we make it a point to tailor our treatments to fit your personal preferences and individual circumstances.
Explore our team of dedicated OCD specialists. View all of our specialists here and check the box to filter for OCD.
Book now
If you or a loved one is struggling with OCD, professional support can make a real difference. Contact us today to book an appointment or learn more about how we can help.
FAQs
Do I have OCD?
If you experience unwanted, repetitive thoughts and feel compelled to carry out rituals to ease your anxiety, you may have OCD. However, only a qualified professional can make an accurate diagnosis. If you're unsure, booking an assessment is the best next step. Head here to get in touch with our team to find out how we can help.
Is OCD genetic?
Research suggests that OCD can run in families, indicating a possible genetic component. However, genetics are only one factor, and many people with OCD have no family history of the condition.
What are the 4 types of OCD?
There is no official list, but OCD is commonly grouped into categories such as:
- Checking OCD
- Contamination OCD
- Ruminations and intrusive thoughts (Pure O) OCD
- Symmetry and ordering OCD
Each person’s experience of OCD is unique, and symptoms can change over time.
Where can I get private OCD treatment in London?
If you're looking for private OCD treatment in London, the London Psychiatry Clinic offers fast access to expert care. Our experienced team of psychiatrists and psychologists specialises in evidence-based approaches, including CBT and medication support. We offer personalised assessments with no long waiting times.
Is private OCD treatment more effective than NHS treatment?
Both private and NHS services can be effective, but private treatment often means quicker access to care, longer appointment times, and a more personalised experience. At London Psychiatry Clinic, you’ll work with clinicians who take time to understand your individual needs and provide tailored treatment.
How do I book a private OCD assessment in London?
Booking a private assessment is simple. You can contact our team directly through our website or by phone. We’ll guide you through the next steps, including matching you with the right clinician for your needs. You don’t need a GP referral to get started.
What does private OCD treatment include at London Psychiatry Clinic?
Our private OCD treatment includes in-depth psychiatric assessments, diagnosis, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) with ERP, and medication management if needed. We also offer support for co-occurring conditions, such as anxiety or depression. Everything is personalised to help you feel supported every step of the way.
How much does private OCD treatment cost in the UK?
Costs can vary depending on the type and length of treatment. At London Psychiatry Clinic, we’re transparent about our fees and happy to talk through costs before you commit to anything. We can also provide letters for insurance claims where appropriate.
Can I get help for OCD quickly through private care?
Yes. One of the key benefits of private treatment is fast access. At London Psychiatry Clinic, we aim to offer appointments within days, not weeks or months. Early intervention can make a big difference, and we're here to help you get started as soon as you're ready.
Do your clinicians specialise in OCD?
Yes. Many of our psychiatrists and psychologists have specific training and clinical experience in treating OCD. You can use the filters on our website to find clinicians who specialise in OCD and read more about their approaches in their profiles.
Is private OCD treatment confidential?
Absolutely. Your privacy is extremely important to us. All assessments and treatment sessions at London Psychiatry Clinic are completely confidential, in line with medical ethics and UK law.
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